How to analyze a case?

In order to develop the expected set of skills, both communication and analysis, it is essential that the analysis of the case takes place in different and complementary spheres.

It is interesting to start from an individual analysis so that the debate can then grow into smaller groups (pairs, trios, etc.) and then reach the full class. The construction of analysis in these spheres allows for an increase in complexity and exposure to new ideas, giving time for assimilation and refinement of students' arguments, understandings and analyses. This also allows for a growing confidence to express their interpretations in public.

The first step in analyzing a case is to understand the problem.

That is, what is the central question posed that I will dedicate myself to analyzing. Some cases bring numerous explicit problems, while others do not bring any. Therefore, first, it is necessary to define the problem.

Then, it is time to collect information that can help interpret possible causes, consequences of the alternatives, preferences, objectives or other important elements in the decision-making process. For the analysis, depending on the case, it is interesting to offer a reference that allows the student to build a framework for that problem under discussion. One of the possible solutions, and the one I use the most, is the use of structured decision-making steps.

The analysis of a case involves the demonstration of a reasoning, which combines elements found in the case or even other findings from complementary research. Thus, it is necessary to remember that the teaching and learning activity with cases is based on the principle that there are different solutions to the same problem, and not a single answer. What matters is that the analysis is logically anchored in the evidence and is coherent with the problem under discussion.